Development and Validation of Self-Assessment Instrument in Science for 21 st Century Skills of Junior High School Students

Abstract

In today’s challenging and competitive world, it is crucial that individuals must possess 21st century skills. This study aimed to develop and validate a self-assessment instrument for 21st century skills in science of junior high school students. A mixed-method research design was employed in this study. The perceptions of the students and teachers about the 21st century skills were gathered and analyzed using the thematic analysis, which were then utilized as the basis for generating the indicators for the pre-identified variables of 21st century skills’ framework. The developed self-assessment instrument was validated by experts and pilot-tested among junior high school students for reliability testing. The instrument underwent a series of revision and was refined through Confirmatory Factor Analysis that showed robustness with factor loadings of greater than 0.50 in two clusters, Learning and Innovation Skills, and Collaborative and Digital Literacy Skills.The revised instrument which was refined through Confirmatory Factor Analysis has shown robustness, with two clusters, Learning and Innovation Skills and Collaborative and Digital Literacy Skills, having factor loadings greater than 0.50. The Learning and Innovation Skills cluster retained 13 indicators, while the Collaborative and Digital Literacy Skills cluster retained 7 indicators. The instrument's reliability analysis shows acceptable internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.76, exceeding the commonly accepted threshold